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Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is the leading cause of disability in the United States, and affects one in six Americans, and women are more commonly affected than are men. By the year 2020, 60 million people are expected to suffer from problems related to osteoarthritis, as reported by the National Institute of Health. There are over 100 types of arthritis, and osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form. Osteoarthritis is a degeneration of the cartilage or a deterioration of the soft tissue, which lines the bones. As the disease progresses, the symptoms become increasingly challenging to cope with. Common complaints include joint pain, morning stiffness, immobility, joint swelling, fatigue, and muscle weakness, which may ultimately lead to the inability to perform day-to-day activities and eventually to disability. Risk Factors There are many known risk factors, some of which are modifiable. Age, family history, weight (high BMI), activity level, and previous injury are known to expedite the process, which is inevitable in the vast majority of Americans. With the unfortunate rise in obesity in our country, we have seen an even more dramatic increase in number of patients reporting complaints of painful joints. Treatment Upon making the diagnosis of osteoarthritis, several treatment options are available according to Devon Nobis, PA-C, Resurgens Orthopaedics. These include physical therapy and exercise to aid in weight loss and joint health; non-steroidal anti-inflammatories; intra-articular corticosteroid and sodium hyaluronan injections; supplements such as glucosamine, chondroitin-sulfate, and co-enzyme Q-10; acupuncture; appropriate footwear; bracing; and ice and elevation. When all conservative measures fail, surgical intervention may be discussed with an orthopaedic surgeon. To determine your best course of treatment speak with your healthcare provider. Visit the links below for more information on osteoarthritis and treatment: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Arthritis Foundation Mayo Clinic Medline Plus
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